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Glycine max Cultivation | Propagation | General Uses Cultivation Notes: Requires a rich soil and a sunny position[33, 38]. Prefers a well-drained sandy soil[1]. Prefers a slightly acid soil[200, 206]. Does not grow well in a wet climate[132]. Soya is very widely cultivated for its edible seed in warm temperate and tropical areas of the world, there are many named varieties[183, 206]. There are three basic types of soya bean, those with green seeds are considered to be the most tender and best flavoured and are the type best suited for northern climates. Black seeded forms are normally used dried and yellow seeded forms are used for making soya milk, flour etc[206]. The plant requires a hot summer with a mean July temperature between 16 and 18°c[206] and a dry autumn if it is to do well in Britain[1, 33], though it is as hardy as the runner bean, Phaseolus coccineus[1]. The best crops outdoors in Britain are obtained if the plants are started off in a greenhouse and planted out in late spring although a direct sowing outdoors in early May can succeed in good summers but yields will then normally be low. Many cultivars will not flower in the shorter days of late summer in the northern hemisphere and so are not suitable for growing in Britain[206]. Some botanists separate the cultivated forms of soya from this species and call them G. soja. Sieb.&Zucc[200]. This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby[200]. Seed can be purchased that has been treated with this rhizobium, it is unneccessary on soils with a pH below 5.5 but can be helpful on other soils[206]. When removing plant remains at the end of the growing season, it is best to only remove the aerial parts of the plant, leaving the roots in the ground to decay and release their nitrogen. For further Glycine max gardening information |
